
MADONNA
a study on religion in art
ODDS AND ENDS
It's been a long and exhaustive project. With the amount of subjects covered, I suppose there's little avoiding the odd bits out which are important to mention but don't really fit in any particular category, or simply don't flow well with the text on the page. This is the page where I clean that all up! Here's some supplementary information,
starting with the survey I did at the start of the project.
Survey
As a person who had a very sheltered upbringing, I had no clue about most of the religions I studied when I began this project. I wanted to focus on how the religions affected life and art in these cultures, so what better way to do that than to conduct a survey? While less than half of the people in my home country are religious, that's still a lot of people who could take the survey. I sent it out to my friends and family, which lead to some pretty skewed results, but I was mainly interested in
the written answers people had.
There were a few results which I found particularly interesting. I'll quote
them here, along with some context:
Q4: Does your faith affect your interactions with your peers? If so, how?
"My friends all follow different denominations of Christianity, so there isn't much disagreement, only curious questions. Many other people don't respect Catholics as much as other denominations (in my area anyway), though, so I often stay quiet about my specific beliefs. People always seem shocked, too, when I say I'm Catholic, and on occasion I am mocked for it (by non-denominationals). Growing up, there was only one other Catholic in my class, and I didn't even know that until I got confirmed because we try to stay quiet about it since we are made fun of for it. I feel like many don't understand that it is a denomination of Christianity, and they see it as a fake religion or even some kind of cult. Also, I get more rude questions about Catholicism than anyone else I know gets about their denomination, possibly because it's one of the most well-known."
Q5: Does your faith affect your choice in career/education? If so, how?
"No. However, it does affect how I plan to approach my major of choice, which is psychology - the majority of people I am likely to work with will be similarly religious (mostly Islamic or Christian), and one's faith is very much tied to their psychology."
Q8: What is the biggest way in which your faith affects your life?
"Before this quarantine, I could count the number of weeks I hadn't attended mass on my fingers, which would only happen because of sicknesses or if it was impossible to go to mass because there were no Catholic churches near where we were vacationing (we go to mass during vacations otherwise). Also, we pray the same prayer before every meal, and my dad would have me pray the same prayers every night before bed when I was younger."
Q9: Do you have any qualms with certain teachings in your religion? If so, how do your personal beliefs differ?
"I don't think so.. I'm not too into the deity side of things at the moment just because I come from an atheist family and although I'd like to be "all in" with Druidry, I'm being held back by what I've been raised to think and believe"
Almost all of those who had issues with their religion's teachings felt that certain restrictions placed on those of the same faith were disrespectful to those in the LGBTQ+ community.
A couple of respondents didn't seem entirely genuine about their beliefs, but I took their answers at face value out of respect. Especially after doing this project, I don't feel that anyone has the right to criticise another's faith. Regardless, while the survey only had 14 responses, I enjoyed reading people's answers and it gave me a new
insight into those of different religions in the modern era!
Miscellaneous Info
Okay, here I'll talk about some information which didn't fit on the page it's associated with. I'll try to go in an order which reflects the order in which you experienced these things on your visit to the site.
Homepage
The homepage was, of course, the first page I made on this website. It started out with quite a bit of information on it, as I initially put Madonna's bio there as well as the two sections which are there now. This is why it has such an elaborate introduction. The top of the page took about half a day to do, consisting of two separate image layers (one parallax, the other scrolling with the page) on the "scene" part and another image with silhouettes of leaves to transition out of the scene. It's not too impressive but it's something I'd wanted to work on for a while before starting this project.
The three sections originally read "WHO AM I?" "WHAT IS THIS?" and "WHO
IS SHE?", but I moved Madonna's section to her own page.
The background of the entire site was also made by me, and it's based on the GIF found on Madonna's page.
Introduction
It may seem a little out-of-place that, in a study on religion, I put a piece by Alphonse Mucha - a heavily commercial artist. I actually did a project on Mucha recently (he's one of my favourite artists) and found that he had quite a complex sense of spirituality. Like many Czech people of the time, he was born Catholic. However, later in life, he developed an interest in the occult. This showed up in his work, particularly with his famous zodiac lady. Mucha is far more modern than the other artists and movements studied in this project but I can't recommend his work enough. I'd also like to give an "honourable mention" of sorts to Katsushika Hokusai, Edo-period ukiyo-e artist who is famed for creating The Great Wave off Kanagawa. His work was often based in Shinto - in fact, The Great Wave itself is part of a commissioned series, Thirty-Six Views of Mt. Fuji, which was entirely focused on the sacred mountain. Hokusai had a good mix of religious and secular work, taking inspiration from Europe and their art as he developed his unique (and honestly revolutionary) style.
Madonna
This page contains both the first and last pieces for this project; the small headshots either side of the song lyrics are the very last piece I made, while the GIF was what kicked off the whole thing. I'm not very good at animation so eyes don't close quite the way real ones do but, because of the entirely incompetent way I made it, I can't fix this issue. This page was a pain to do as I haven't written a character bio in years. I tried using a template but found that it simply didn't work, so I ended up just writing my own by referencing a number of character bios I found by
searching by "hot" on toyhou.se.
The song "Food for Thought" by UB40 was the one I chose to put on the bio (it's a song which I've known since I was a child, as I effectively inherited my mother's taste in music), but there are a number of songs which I feel could fit Madonna, including:
Senses Working Overtime by XTC - a song about medieval
peasants trying to understand the world around them
The Great Curve by Talking Heads - makes references to a divine female figure, "moving to describe the world" and loving all the people in it
Eurus by The Oh Hellos - a song inspired by Greek religion and beliefs.
The Moss by Cosmo Sheldrake - as an alchemist living in the forest, Madonna would be very strongly connected to nature. On a deeper level, this song mentions a number of folk tales, which is obviously tied to this project (which is meant to represent Madonna's interests).
Come Along by Cosmo Sheldrake - this guy writes a lot of references to folk tales and Celts, which was the origin of this project. This song uses some old English - a language which I certainly picture Madonna using, as she talks with the "royal we" in my comic - and talks of escapism, running away from normal life and living life to the fullest.
Pull up the Roots by Talking Heads - another Talking Heads song (they're my favourite band), but this time the lyrics are much more apt. They apparently represent the lack of knowledge and significance we humans have in the grand scheme of things, which is a notion I don't doubt Madonna would come across very often,
what with her background.
O Magnum Mysterium - I think it may have been mentioned by another entrant, but this is a song from Catholic liturgy. You wouldn't think it, but it was actually written by an American composer in 1994. It's composed to mimic the choir music of Gregorian times, but I find that it is somewhat more refined and has fantastic dynamics when compared to some other choral pieces. I can imagine this playing over a travel montage of Madonna walking between cultures, learning their stories and moving on.
The Cultures
I was originally going to simply have the cultures listed in the menu at the top of each page, but thanks to the menu style and the amount of pages I ended up with, they literally couldn't fit there. So, I elected to make a "hub" of sorts to compile all of the different religions and link to their pages. This also allowed me to write a little about the religions themselves, which I strangely didn't get much of a chance to do in the main entries for each culture. I put a "click here!" sign (hand-written in my own awful chicken-scratch) above the Druidry header to hopefully make it more obvious that there are full pages behind each entry; I found that the links were too subtle, with no visual indication that there was a link there at all unless you hover your mouse over the header. The entry on Druidry is far longer than any of the others. This is because I spent so much time researching Druidry (nearly two weeks out of a month-long project) that, by the time I wrote the paragraph on the hub page, I just couldn't hold in all of my respect for this ancient and enigmatic culture. I care about the others, of course, but I learned more about Druidry than any other religion during this project and it was honestly some of the most enjoyable research I've ever done.
Druidry
Okay, I said a lot in this page but I need to properly explain why it's such a mess, and why it took so much research to accumulate such little information. For one, I had absolutely no prior knowledge of Celtic Paganism before I started my research. This means I had no opinions on anything, so I was writing entirely objectively. While I can write like this, it's nowhere near as enjoyable, easy or interesting to read as my opinionated pieces. I also struggled because Druids were pretty much entirely vocal in their worship, so the only writings about them come from outside sources - ironically, the most reliable of which is a piece of propaganda by Julius Caesar where he was studying Gaul and the Gallic War. A lot of the resources I used came from a friend of mine who is training to become a Druid. She was utterly invaluable in this project as, without guidance, I would've had no information on Druidic triads or anything of the sort. She pointed me to websites such as druidry.org, website of the Order of Bards, Ovates and Druids, which contains many resources for research on Celtic Paganism. There were also articles and posters regarding the core values of Druids, which helped me to better understand them as people and how their religion affects them.
Near the end of the page, I announce my plans to visit Avebury and the Uffington White Horse (also known as White Horse Hill). A few days before I was set to visit, both of these places announced their closure to the public due to the pandemic and the UK lockdown. I've checked every few days since and, while the Uffington White Horse now has an open car park, Avebury is still shut and I can't justify travelling 2 hours just for the Horse. It's a real shame because Avebury has several museums and open spaces which reflect Neolithic life. I found it while looking for stone circles near me - Avebury has a particularly interesting set of standing stones; not a circle but a winding path from the town to a place called the Sanctuary. This is thought to have been the home of a religious leader (perhaps a Druid) due to the numerous offerings and sets of human remains found inside the Sanctuary. I'm very disappointed that I wasn't able to go as it would have really taken my research to the next level, but I
suppose nothing can be done.
Catholicism
I feel that I didn't adequately explain why I studied Roman Catholicism after Druidry instead of another Pagan religion like Maya or Norse Paganism. Not too long before the year 0, Britain - home of many Celts and Druids - was invaded by Roman armies. They "civilised" the country, erasing a lot of Celtic Pagan culture from our island and instead making it just like a watered-down version of Rome. The few Celts who survived would then be heavily influenced by Catholicism, when it came about, as it naturally fed through the Romans into Britain. This is why Celtic crosses are so common. They had the last laugh, though, as much of Catholic culture today has very strong roots in Celtic Paganism (and other types of Paganism). Such influences include East-facing graves, a tradition based in sun worship, wedding rings and the celebration
of Easter, which was based on the Spring equinox.
I spoke more about the artists and their work than the religion itself in this page. This is because I belong to another Christian denomination, and the discomfort of trying to write about a religion which follows the same Bible as me but takes such different things from it is near impossible to get past. To avoid being offensive to any Catholic readers, I avoided the topic entirely and decided instead to speak of my opinions on some famous Catholic artists. They weren't originally going to follow the names of the Ninja Turtles as I've never actually watched the show, but by the time I'd done da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael, I figured that there was no harm
in writing a little about Donatello, too.
The piece for this page took about 20 hours, with 3 sketch/linework passes and around 5 hours of colouring/rendering. If I were to pay myself minimum wage,
this would set the value at exactly £123. Nice.
My ramblings on Michelangelo may seem overdramatic but they are, in fact, my genuine emotions. I'm pretty sure letting you hear my voice isn't against cs rules (if it is, just ignore this, I suppose) so here's a half-hour black-screen video
of me crying over the creation of David.
Hellenic Paganism
The name for this one was a bit tricky. "Hellenic" refers to those who lived and worshipped before the death of Alexander the Great, while "Hellenistic" refers to those who came after him. To keep things simple, I just used the former for the whole page. Greek religion has been a vague interest of mine for many years. There's a particularly good book, Mythos by Stephen Fry, which chronicles many of the parables involving the Greek pantheon. As I don't personally believe in or follow Hellenic deities, I am constantly having to remind myself not to call them myths. I've met two people during this project who still believe in - and one who worships - the Olympians and their fellow deities, so the last thing I want to do is invalidate their beliefs. For this reason, I did my best to refrain from the word "myth" throughout this whole website.
This page was also restricted by the lockdown; the British Museum houses part of the Parthenon Pediments. It may not have been possible for me to travel to London specifically for this project, but I just so happened to have been slated to go there for college not too long before this began. The trip was cancelled on the day we were meant to go because of the virus, when two cases in Kensington was the biggest concern we had. If I had gone on that trip, I would've visited the British Museum (it's my favourite museum alongside the Natural History Museum) and I would've seen the Pediments. Alas, that's just the way things go. I'll see them one day, no doubt;
they're not going anywhere.
Maya
This was the only religion I researched which didn't defy expectations. Druids likely never practised human sacrifice, most of the famous Catholic artists weren't actually Catholic, Hellenic Pagans had a much more involved religion than I thought and Norse Pagans had a much less involved one. When I set out on this journey, I expected the Maya to be the most violent culture I studied, and they didn't disappoint. Falling to conflict and uprising, this not-so-ancient culture was succeeded by the more famous Aztecs. I was unsure which to focus on as I knew a little more about the Aztecs (one of my favourite historical artefacts being the double-headed serpent), but I knew very little about either culture so I just ended up covering them both. I watched several short documentaries and read several articles on the Mayan empire, but little is known about their life and culture. This is quite similar to...
Norse Paganism
Like the Maya, everything we know about Viking-age Norsemen comes from their runic transcriptions. A lot of their artistic creations were made of wood or animal hide, neither of which last particularly well over several centuries unless adequately preserved. That's why these two pages were the shortest - they have much less of a modern following than Druidry, so the only resources I have are those
of the ancients and those resources are very limited.
As a small side note, there was an absolutely rockin' painting of Odin's hunt which I wanted to include on the page, but I was unable to because of nudity.
About Me
If you've followed the intended path through this website, you'll have spent quite a bit of time with me by now. However, you likely know very little about me as a person. This is why I've decided to do my own little bio, keeping to cs rules of course. I can't use a photo of myself, so I'll just use a picture of my chief artistic advisor, Calypso.
Lauren/nano

she/her - adult - artist
Hi! My name is Lauren, and I'm a UK-based artist with a strong interest in taxidermy and other corpse-based work, as well as human perception. My personal interests include video games, tabletop RPGs, pet care and haberdashery among many others. My favourite musical artists are Billy Joel, Talking Heads and XTC, which should give you a decent idea of my taste in music.
It feels appropriate to discuss my own religion here. I was born and raised a Jehovah's Witness. A lot of people have the wrong idea about us - we're not a cult or a sect, we're not the same as Mormons, we don't live in communes or give a tenth of our earnings. Our organisation works entirely on voluntary donations and volunteer work. We treat each other as family, and are always cordial to even those who are opposed to our religion - it's what we're taught. There's no barrier stopping people from leaving the religion if they want to. I had a tough time with my beliefs as a child, but after separating them from those who had taught me, I discovered that I didn't
want to leave the faith at all.
I mentioned earlier about my interest in corpses. I live in a rural area so I get a lot of roadkill, which I decompose in my front garden before cleaning the bones and using them in art. This stemmed from my last major college project, The Bone Zone (with how many revisions this website has undergone, I can no longer remember if I've mentioned it before), in which I studied the effect of death on different human cultures. Since finishing that project, I've found myself getting more and more interested in how different cultures, religions and people interpret and understand different aspects of life. Of course, it was only natural for me to dive head-first into this
when given the opportunity by the readopt.
In Conclusion
At the time I'm writing this, I've been working on this project for exactly a month. I started on the day it was posted and it's now June 10th - and what a long month it's been. Druids, Romans, Greeks, Maya, Norsemen - I've learned so much and gone so far out of my comfort zone, I've overcome many creative obstacles, discovered the heritage of my own country, I've written and drawn and studied and vented to my friends so much about all the incredible things I've found out. I've loved every minute of it, and I hope you enjoyed it too. So, at the end of all this, I'll leave
you with a quote from Kofi Annan.
“We may have different religions, different languages, different colored skin, but we all belong to one human race.”
